The Need For Mindfulness Practices - 1562 Words

The Need for Mindfulness Practices in Our Education System Sharereh Vakili Dastjerd Dr. Weldon PSYC 101 December 09, 2014 Sharereh Vakili Dastjerd Dr. Weldon PSYC 101 09 December, 2014 Need of Meditation and Yoga in Our Education System If you are like millions around the world, you may be frustrated with the state of the education system. A system which leaves us in debt, grants degrees that do not guarantee jobs or happiness, earns us only ordinary jobs that are not fulfilling; jobs where we survive instead of thrive. When I went to high school, I spent a large amount of time studying subjects such as geography, math, history, and etc. kids are still studying these subjects, and these are truly important, but the†¦show more content†¦Think about the times we are concern about our weight and we wished we had been taught to exercise and eat well, or times we are down and we wished to learn meditate to better control our emotions. These are the real world problems that can really hold us back in life, and directly influence our happiness and I thinks it is about the time to make these skills more accessible to everyone. The point is, if someone wants to get good at math, then he studies math, or if he wants to get good at science, he studies science and the same thing applies here. If you want to get good at relationships, you study relationships, or if you want to get successful, then you need to study success. School is definitely necessary, but it is not complete. Imagine an education that included the best of the current system, but at the same time, teaches you how to have healthier relationships, be better lovers, a better parent, live healthier, and not just live a successful life, but a deeply meaningful and fulfilled life. Given these points, the big gap in our educational system today is the gap between what skills people truly need to learn to live extraordinary lives and the amount of exposure they actually get to those skills. There is a way to fill this gap. Science has proven that our minds have inevitable power to shape our lives and our happiness. Whether it is intentionally or unwanted, our thoughts are actually determine our

Social Self As Part Of Depression - 1051 Words

Adding on to that, another study showed a culturally salient factor ,negative social self as constituting part of depression. (Koh, Chang ,Fung and Kee 2007, p.225) This negative social self was found to cause hopelessness, poor self esteem, and control related beliefs. (Koh, Chang ,Fung and Kee 2007, p.225) The study goes on to further state that culturally embedded stressors (Yamamoto et al. 1997, cited in Koh, Chang ,Fung and Kee 2007, p.226) strongly influences the phenomenological experiences of emotions and their communications. (Koh, Chang ,Fung and Kee 2007, p.226) It was found that Taiwan had lower levels of depression and other psychiatric disorders as compared to the US. (Hwu et al 1989, cited in Caldwell-Harris †¦show more content†¦Moreover, a study by Kross and Grossmann (2010) highlights the impact of culture on adaptive versus maladaptive self reflection by comparing Americans and Russians, whereby culture was shown to affect the amount of self distancing o f emotions, with the Russians being found to have less detrimental forms of self reflection. This proves that culture can affect the amount and type of self reflections that individuals carry out, as well as the extent of self distancing. As shown through this study, self distancing could serve as a regulator for an individual s emotions or the impact of emotions on the cognitive aspect of the individual. Another study by Falicov (2003) proves that there were more stigmatization of mental illnesses such as depression in collectivist societies as compared to individualistic ones, whereby a Japanese woman confided in a close friend of hers only for her friend to shun her. With such stigmatization, it is less likely that people will be open to acknowledge their problems or seek help in collectivist societies, leading to the sustainment of depression due to the extent of expressed emotions in such cultures. On top of that, culture is also shown to affect thought processes. Members of collectivistic tendencies tend to focus on negative consequences while members of individualistic tendencies tend to focus more on positive consequences. (Lee et al. 2000, Briley Wyer 2002, cited in Diener, Oishi Lucas 2003, p.412) This

My Space To Breathe Free Essays

I have several Indian friends in the Los Angeles area, with whom I have shared good times and bad.   I have slept in their homes, and even been considered by their parents a genuine part of their families.   Yet I disliked the fact that Indian families can often act only the basis of emotions. We will write a custom essay sample on My Space To Breathe or any similar topic only for you Order Now    I blamed their emotionally charged natures on the Indian soap operas they watched day after day.   I disliked those Indian shows even though I had watched only two of them in my entire life.   Still, I knew that it was best not to feel negative emotions in myself. The Indian dramas that my friends’ families loved to watch daily were just slow motion pictures in my opinion.   Each moment of each drama focused on lethargic and unreal adventures in emotions.   Nothing went very far.   Crying; getting offensive about everything under the bright blue sky; and blaming one another were the themes of these shows.   I disliked them with all my heart.   And, whenever it was time for my friends’ families to watch those Indian shows, I found myself leaving their homes.   I was even uncomfortable leaving in those moments, given that my own negative emotions were obnoxious enough to seem to strangle me because I did not understand them at all. In order to understand these emotions, despite the fact that I loved my Indian â€Å"families,† I made an effort to watch â€Å"Kyunke Saas Bhi Kabhi Bahu Thee† (2006) with my friends another time.   While watching the show this time, I was observant of my own reactions and feelings.   At the same time, I observed the others in the TV lounge watching the show with me.   Two of the aunts of my friend, Vijay, sobbed during the show.   I tried to suppress my own strange emotions at this point.   As luck would have it,  Vijay, his mom, and his dad started to laugh during the show soon after I had witnessed his sobbing aunts!   I relaxed there and then, and from that point on, the show was a breeze. Even though â€Å"Kyunke Saas Bhi Kabhi Bahu Thee† lasts only thirty minutes each time, five days a week, I disliked it the first two times I watched it.   I had witnessed real sad emotional dramas in my Indian friends’ homes before I had watched the show, which was perhaps the main reason why I detested the emotion packed drama on television.   I believed that it was the TV drama that had taught my Indian friends to overreact to issues.   I also believed that this drama was a bad influence on me!   Obviously, I was being oversensitive at the same time as I blamed the drama for teaching oversensitivity to its viewers.   Besides, I was not thinking that it is the individual himself with the prerogative to allow conditioning of any sort.   Nobody can force us to be influenced by anything. Now I have stopped detesting the Indian shows that I previously could not digest.   I can stay in my friends’ homes as long as I please.   Apart from this, I have understood that my Indian â€Å"families† have a right to feel and believe whatever they do.   Choosing emotions over the intellect many a times is their choice and responsibility.   And if I love them, I must do so regardless of the different perspectives we have about dealing with ourselves and others.   While I imagine that I am granting my Indian friends this â€Å"space to breathe,† in actuality this space is mine to occupy.   I give up my negative emotions today – and for ever.   For sure, it was difficult to breathe in negativity. References Star Plus. (30 December 2006). â€Å"Kyunke Saas Bhi Kabhi Bahu Thee.† TV Series.    How to cite My Space To Breathe, Essay examples

Qualitative Research Applications Education â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Qualitative Research Applications Education? Answer: Introduction Research management is the process, procedure and principles used to identify a problem and find a problem that will assist in finding a solution to the problem identified. Research Problem And Literature Collected RESEARCH PROBLEM SUB-PROBLEM COLLECTED LITERATURE Problem 1 Internet censorship is one of the major control parts in the internet world. Different stakeholders use internet censorship to help them secure their information and data when they use the internet. The internet provides necessary information as well as educating users. Despite internet bearing many benefits to its users, it also has different challenges associated to it that renders it reliable. This study aims at determining the different issues related to internet censorship in the world (Romano, 2009) Internet censorship as part of the control mechanism in the cyber world is affected by different challenges. Sub-problem 1 Censorship leads to users rights being violated. Many networks have been banned thus decreasing the number of internet users. This decreases educational resources for students. Sub-problem 2 Censorship leads to problem of internet security and privacy of information and data. Cyber bullying is an issue related to internet censorship. This can harass the user either physically or mentally (Sina, 2014). Sub-problem 3 Censorship has led to information and data resistance in the process of transfer. In the process of transaction, data breaching may occur (State, 2013). This causes theft of property and copy right violation Literature tries to review what other people did or said before. Literature 1 MacKinnon (2010, p. 125), gives tactics used to control internet. This strategies include cyber-attacks, network and device control, control of domain name and localized restriction and disconnection. This has reduced ability by users to complain about political issues and social problems. Literature 2 Feng Guo (2013, p. 234), in their study examining control strategies of internet censorship in China; they identified an online blocking system used (Toepfl, 2011). The Chinese government used this included URL blocking, hijack domain names, block main passwords and BGP hijacking. The government of China use internet censorship in a hierarchical system and internet carried out by operators in different region Literature 3 Hearns-Branaman, (2009, p. 134), some websites give false information to divert the views and thoughts of common people. The increased number of users has increased internet censorship. Many internet transaction leads to data breaching. The hacking causes huge financial loses theft and violation of networks and copyright. Therefore, various countries of various companies have employed data mining for security purposes Problem 2 The number of internet users is growing rapidly in the day-to-day operations. The life of each individual has improved due to use of internet to provide a large amount of information and knowledge in different fields and social interaction. Despite all these benefits, different issues arise questioning the reliability and credibility of the use of internet. Therefore, the research aims at examining internet security and effects of social media in internet censorship. Sub-problem 4 Social media has enhanced communication and connection among millions of persons together. Different challenges arise Sub-problem 5 Social media has led to many illegal websites that brings social harm. This gives rise to pornographic images and videos. Some other websites provide procedures of bomb making and drug making. This causes major harm to the society. There is the problem of cyber-attacks Literature 4 In the literature of Deibert Rohozinski,( 2010), the educational resources for students has reduced the websites used by students provide reduced information for information and data. Government and other parties are therefore responsible for internet censorship. Literature 5 Many studies examine the risks of interaction between cyber-censorship and online activism. In the study by Leibold, (2011, p. 126) showed a struggle between cyber-censorship and online activism as the evil versus good. The study by MacKinnon , (2010, p. 126) analyzed the public discourse on online activism and censorship in China. He noted that single, open and free internet brings democracy and freedom. Chinas network authoritarianism is the main control feature. Types Of Methodology Research involves different types depending on methodology of research used, knowledge, user group and the type of problem investigated. This gives rise to the different types of methodology identified as qualitative, quantitative, basic, applied and problem-oriented and Problem solving. Qualitative and quantitative forms our major concern (Brennen, 2013, p. 26). Qualitative verses Quantitative Quantitative method Quantitative methodology puts emphasis on numbers or numeric figures. This method aim to measure the amount or quantity compares past records and project the future. It also refers to systematic investigation of the phenomena and quantitative properties as well as their relationships. Its goal is to employ and develop mathematical theories, hypothesis and models of the phenomena.it gives an important connection between mathematical expression and empirical observation to quantitative relationships. Here, statistical methods are used and in the field of commerce and economics (Merriam, 1998, p. 67). Qualitative method This method provides a non-quantitative analysis. This method collects, analyses, and interprets data through observation of what people say and do. It also involves meanings, characteristics, definitions, symbols, description and metaphors of things. It is subjective and use various ways of collecting data and information e.g. focus groups and in-depth interviews. This type of methodology is open-ended and exploratory. Chosen Methodology In this study I, will use qualitative method because it will help me collect, analyze and interpret data through observation of what people say and do. In addition, it is open and exploratory to provide me an opportunity to use various methods to collect data and information e.g. Focus groups and in-depth interviews to get and understand more information. Similarity between Qualitative and Quantitative Both quantitative and qualitative methods are that the use observations in order to collect data of what participant do. Both qualitative and quantitative methods compares past records and predicts for future happenings. Review Of Existing Methodologies Literature tries to review what other people did or said before LITERATURE RESEARCH PROBLEM METHODOLOGY YOUR SUB-PROBLEM RELEVANCE Literature 1 MacKinnon , (2010, p. 125), gives tactics used to control internet. This strategies include cyber-attacks, network and device control, control of domain name and localized restriction and disconnection. This has reduced ability by users to complain about political issues and social problems. Literature 2 According to Feng Guo, (2013, p. 234), in their study examining control strategies of internet censorship in China, they identified an online blocking system used. The Chinese government used this included URL blocking, hijack domain names, block main passwords and BGP hijacking (BBC, 2010). The government of China use internet censorship in a hierarchical system and internet carried out by operators in different region. Literature 3 From Hearns-Branaman, (2009, p. 134), some websites give false information to divert the views and thoughts of common people. The increased number of users has increased internet censorship. Many internet transaction leads to data breaching. The hacking causes huge financial loses theft and violation of networks and copyright. Therefore, various countries of various companies have employed data mining for security purposes. Problem1 Internet in China has appositive impact on politics and individual growth. Despite media growth and commercialization, internet remains under government contro Problem 2 Continuous use of internet leads to lack of internet security and privacy of information and data. In addition, cyber bullying is another challenge. Problem3 Data breaching and illegal websites. Method 1 The methodology used was qualitative to enable researcher collect, analyze and interpret data and information collected (Alexa, 2014). Method 2 Empirical study was used to determine the control strategy used by China. Method3 The exploratory and quantitative study was used to determine the number of financial transactions and financial loses that accrue from use of internet. Sub problem Social media has led to many illegal websites that brings social harm. This gives rise to pornographic images and videos. Some other websites provide procedures of bomb making and drug making. This causes major harm to the society. There is the problem of cyber-attacks Relevance 1 The study has helped me determine the tactics that a country may employ in order to reduce the number of internet users who violate the rights and copyrights of other Relevance 2 Since the internet use has many challenges, the review on the study of control mechanism will assist me in determining the strategies used to control insecurities in the internet and ways to improve privacy. Relevance 3 Having the idea of false information and data breaching over the internet, this will enable the users of the internet to be careful on the type of information to share as well as knowing the importance of data mining in securing data. Literature 4 In the study Deibert Rohozinski, (2010), content rating system, the educational resources for students has reduced the websites used by students provide reduced information for information and data. Government and other parties are therefore responsible for internet censorship. Problem 4 Education and internet Method 4 Quantitative study to examine the percentage of information that has reduced from the internet as well as the number of students affected Relevance 4 Reviewing the literature will help me to suggest more educational resources for students. In addition, it will assist the students to concentrate in their studies. Identification and Justification Based on the existing research methodologies I will propose Survey as a method of data collection. This is because developing it is easy by use of survey software. Survey can be in form of online, mobile, paper survey or any of the combination. It allows a wide coverage. Benefits of Survey It is easily administered. Compared to various methods, survey is developed within short period. Cost effective depending on the mode of survey Survey can be used in the remote areas through mobile, online, email and telephone. Survey is used to collect information for a large group. Advanced statistical tool, survey software are used to analyze data in order to determine reliability and validity of variables Limitations of Survey Respondents may give inaccurate and false information. Participants may feel uncomfortable to give information in an unfavorable manner. A closed-ended survey is less valid compared to other questions. Presence of data errors due to lack of reference (Brennen, 2013, p. 70). Framework and Explanation Planning of the survey This is the initial stage of survey and begins with plans on who to participate, which mode to use, where to go and how results will be analyzed. Delivery of Survey Form The surveyor delivers the survey form to the participants for the response about the research topic. Data Collection and promotion of survey The researcher collects data and information to be used for analysis. Data Analysis Results Report Data is analyzed and a full report generated for further implementation. Interpretation and Action. The results and findings are interpreted so that future actions are planned. Implementation Monitoring The actions are implemented a monitoring takes place to identify the successes and challenges for feedback. Feedback Promotion of Feedback. The feedback is sent back on challenges and achievements for further recommendations and solutions Survey process framework References List Alexa, 2014. Top Sites in China.. [Online] Available at: https://www.alexa.com/topsites/countries/CN [Accessed 5 June 2014]. Anon., 2011. BBC. (2011, December 15). Wukan Search. Retrieved from BBC:. [Online] Available at: https://www.bbc.co.uk/search/news/?page=2q=WUKANdir=fdnews=20news_av=2 [Accessed 15 December 2011]. Anon., n.d. s.l.:s.n. BBC, 2010. Nobel: China blocks foreign websites ahead of ceremony.. [Online] Available at: https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-pacific-11962520 [Accessed 9 December 2010]. Boyd-Barret, J. Xie, S., 2008. Al-Jazeera, Phoenix Satellite Television and the Return of the State. International Journal of Communication. Brennen, B., 2013. Qualitative research methods fo rmdia studies. New York: Routeledge. Deibert, R. Rohozinski, R., 2010. Cyber Wars. taxation-law on Censorship,. s.l.:s.n. Feng, G. .. Guo, S., 2013. Tracing the route of China's Internet censorship:An empirical study. Telematics and Informatics. s.l.:s.n. Hearns-Branaman, J., 2009. A Political Economy of News Media in the People's Republic of China. Westminster Papers in Communication and Culture,. China: s.n. Leibold, J., 2011. Blogging Alone: China, the internet, and the Democratic Illusion?. The Journal of Asian Studies,. MacKinnon , R., 2010. Networked Authoritarianism. Journal of Democracy,. Merriam, S., 1998. Qualitative research and case study applications in education. s.l.:s.n. Romano, A., 2009. Public Sentinel: News Media and Governance Reform. (P. Norris, Ed.). Ed ed. P. Norris: World Bank Publications.. Sina, 2014. Company Profile. [Online] Available at: https://corp.sina.com.cn/eng/sina_rela_eng.html [Accessed 5 June 2014]. State, I., 2013. About Iowa State. Retrieved from iastate. [Online] Available at: https://web.iastate.edu/about/ [Accessed 12 12 2013]. Tianya, 2014. Tianya. (2014, June 5). Introduction of Tianya. Retrieved from tianya:. [Online] Available at: https://help.tianya.cn/about/history/2011/06/02/166666.shtml [Accessed 5 June 2014]. Toepfl, F., 2011. Managing public outrage: Power, psychology, and new media in contemporary Rossian. new media society,. s.l.:s.n

Man to Send Rain Clouds Essay Essay Example

Man to Send Rain Clouds Essay Paper Culture instills a important function in household life. Family traditions are frequently passed down from one coevals to the following. and normally produce added complexness from outside influence over clip. The original individuality of the belief continues to be evident. although more thoughts have been added to the basic cultural belief. In Leslie Silko’s short narrative. â€Å"The Man to direct Rain Clouds† . this quandary arises. Although a changeless influence of Catholic beliefs are evident in the Pueblo people’s society. Leon and his household still expose their Native American individuality through their actions present throughout the narrative. Silko explains that her people â€Å"were good informed about [ civilization ] . † and that â€Å"old traditions were deceasing out† ( Silko. â€Å"Language† 772 ) . The local Catholic Church’s curate. Father Paul. efforts to integrate the Church’s instruction into the Laguna’s manner of life. He shows great concern for Leon and his household â€Å"miss [ ing ] [ Mass ] last Sunday. † ( Silko. â€Å"Man† 50 ) . and requests the household to go to the undermentioned weekend. Father Paul successfully influences Leon’s sister. Louise. When she finds out about her grandfather’s decease. she suggests integrating the rite of pouring holy H2O on his gravesite â€Å"so he won’t be thirsty† ( Silko. â€Å"Man† 50 ) . We will write a custom essay sample on Man to Send Rain Clouds Essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Man to Send Rain Clouds Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Man to Send Rain Clouds Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Although Catholic intervention attempts to act upon the Native Pueblo civilization. Leon invariably attempts to retain his Native individuality. When Leon and Ken discover their Grandfather dead in the arroyo. they instantly perform the Native Pueblo imposts. The imposts included the picture of their grandfather’s face. binding a plume to his hair. wrapping him in a ruddy cover. and fliping Indian meal into the air current. By executing these rites. they â€Å" [ maintain ] the household †¦ and kin together† ( Silko. â€Å"Language† 766 ) . demoing the great importance they hold upon their cultural beliefs. When reassigning grandfather Teofilo back into town. Leon and Ken deceptively tell Father Paul that â€Å" [ Teofilo ] won’t [ be crowding sheep ] any more now. † ( Silko. â€Å"Man† 50 ) . in an effort to conceal their grandfather’s decease to get away the Catholic rites being forced upon him. Even though Leon efforts to maintain his Native individuality. he finally acclimates to his Catholic milieus. He asks Father Paul to integrate the holy H2O rite in concurrence with the Native American entombment. Leon exclaims that he â€Å"is happy [ about ] the scattering of the holy H2O. † because now his gramps could â€Å"send them large cumulonimbus. † ( Silko. â€Å"Man† 52 ) . merely as he has wished earlier in the narrative. During the procedure of the Catholic rite. even Father Paul â€Å"is reminded of something. † ( Silko. â€Å"Man† 52 ) . in respects to a connexion between the two civilizations beliefs. The pouring of the holy H2O displays a metaphor. The metaphor demonstrates. that if one finds similarities between different civilizations. the ability to accept the thought into your ain manner of thought. becomes much easier. When civilizations collide. their beliefs hold a inclination to act upon one another. However. the original beliefs and values must be kept noticeable. or else the beginnings of the civilization may decease out. Silko’s account â€Å" [ Cultures ] . convey us together. despite great distances between [ them ] . † ( Silko. â€Å"Language† 772 ) . shows that the different beliefs people withhold brings us together. Although the Church efforts to act upon Leon’s household. and Leon attempts to maintain the individuality of his beliefs. they finally concede to organize what may be known as a new signifier of Laguna civilization.

Which Extracurricular Activities Should You Consider in College

Which Extracurricular Activities Should You Consider in College SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Are you a college student or starting college soon and wondering which extracurricular activities you should be involved in?Extracurriculars are an important part of college, and they are a great way to meet new people and try new activities. Read this guide to learn how to choose the best extracurricular activities to help you meet new people, learn about future careers, and explore new interests in college. What Are Extracurricular Activities? How Can You Find Your School's? An extracurricular activity is any activity not included in the normal curriculum of a school.Extracurricular activities can vary from official school sports teams to chapters of national organizations, to independent clubs.They cover a wide range of topics and interests, from politics to rock climbing to helping out the homeless and more. My own alma mater, Michigan State University, hasmore than 700 student organizations, and when I was a student, I found participating in them to be a great way to make new friends and spend more time participating in activities I enjoyed and cared about. Many colleges have a list of all the school’s clubs and organizations on their school website.Look atthe Student Resources page, search â€Å"clubs† â€Å"organizations† or â€Å"extracurriculars† on the school’s site, or do a simple Google search, for example, "UCLA clubs". Also, in the beginning of the year, many schoolsoffer a fair or open house when clubs and organizations set up booths for interested students to learn more about each extracurricular, sign up to receive more information on ones they are interested in, and ask current club members questions.These are a great way to learn about different extracurricular activities, and they are often a lot of fun to attend, with many groups offering free games and food. Which Extracurricular Activities Should You Consider? Most colleges offer a large number of extracurriculars, so the easiest way to start thinking about which ones to join is to separate them into categories.Below are four categories that cover almost all extracurriculars. Read through each category, and if somethingsounds interesting to you, see if your school offers some of those types of extracurriculars. Extracurriculars That Relate to Your Future Career It’s not just your classes that will help prepare you for your future career; there are many extracurriculars in college that give you job experience and help you make connections in your field.These extracurriculars are sometimes referred to as academic and pre-professional clubs.Some examples of professional organizations include the Academy of Law and Criminal Justice, Future Pharmacists Club, Nursing Students Association, Society of Women Engineers, and the Entrepreneurship Club. This category also includesextracurriculars that aren’t professional organizations but can help you develop skills needed for your future career. For example, if you want to be a journalist, you may consider joining the school newspaper, if you want a career in the medical field you could volunteer at a hospital, or if you want to improve your language skills you might join your school's French Club. Some of theseextracurriculars offer hands-on activities for specific career fields that you can include on your resume, and they can also offer field trips and job shadows for you to see what a typical day in the life is for certain jobs.Being involved in one of these extracurriculars can involve attending networking events, visiting potential places of employment, engaging in hands-on activities related to the career field, meeting socially with other members, andmore. How to Choose One of These Extracurriculars: First, think about what you plan to major in and what type of career you’d like to have, and see if your school has any extracurriculars that relate to it. These can be professional organizations or just clubs that let you do hands-on work in your field. Then, thinkabout skills you’d like to gain to increase your employability. This can include computer skills, knowing a second language, improving public speaking, or another skill, then look to see what extracurriculars would help you get those skills. Benefits of These Extracurriculars: Help you gain more professional experience. Provide a way to make connections in your field. Offer a way to test the water and see if you actually enjoy your envisioned career. Can include membership in a well-known professional organization that you can put on your resume. They can make you more employable by showing that you: Have interests and passions Are social and can interact well with others Are good at balancing your time and managing different priorities Have a strong work ethic Professional organizations offer a great way to network and meet other students interested in the same career field Extracurriculars That Introduce You to New Interests and People College is one of the absolute best times in your life to meet new people, and extracurriculars can expose you all sorts of other students. Collegeis also a great time for activism, and there are manyextracurriculars devoted to improving all kinds of issues in the world. Some examples of this includeclubs that promote recycling, reducing poverty, improving education or providing better medical care. Extracurriculars are a great, low-risk way to get involved in new activities or support new causes.Many colleges offer at least a few very unique clubs that let members try something they probably would never have come across before. A few examples of some of the unique extracurriculars that colleges offer are ablacksmith club, stargazing club, and beekeeping club. Some of my own college classmates joined the esteemed MSU Squirrel Watching Club. How to Choose One of These Extracurriculars: This can be as simple as reading through a list of your school’s extracurriculars and seeing which ones jump out at you.Choose your favorites among these and attend a meeting to see if you are still interested.Also, think about what skills you’d like to acquire or what movements you’d like to be a part of, and see if any extracurriculars match those interests. You should also consider trying out a club or activity you may not feel you'd enjoy right away, as a way to push your boundaries. Who knows, you may end up with a new interest! Benefits of These Extracurriculars: Meeting new people gives you the chance to start new friendships, and having a large group of acquaintances can also help you in the future when you’re looking for jobs. Joining clubs that expose you to different types of people can help improve your ability to consider different opinions and see things from a new perspective. Sometimes participating in an extracurricular is all it takes to develop a new passion. When I was in college, I joined the Outdoors Club on a whim, and even years after graduating I still regularly camp and kayak, using the skills I learned in that club. Extracurriculars That Allow You to Continue Current Hobbies and Interests You will probably come to college with some hobbies and interests already in place, and college is a great way to continue with them.You may also already belong to certain groups or communities, such as a religious group or cultural group, and wish to continue being a part of them. How to Choose One of These Extracurriculars: Think about your current activities and interests. These can be activities you were a part of in school, such as a sport or band, or they can be something you took part in outside of school or own your own.If there are any you'd like to continue with, check and see if your school offers any related clubs or groups. Benefits of These Extracurriculars: Give you a way to meet similar minded people who share your interests. Allow you to be part of a community you feel comfortable in. Give you the opportunity to continue to develop current skills and interests. Extracurriculars That Keep You Active In addition to helping you avoid the Freshman 15, joining a sports-related extracurricular can provide a way for you to meet new people, gain or improve athletic skills, and may even involve some travel if your team goes to conferences.These extracurriculars can be part of an official school team, such as hockey or basketball, or they can be a club sport, like ultimate frisbee. If you participated in sports in high school, this is a great way to stay active, but even if you don’t have any experience in the sport you want to join, many clubs are happy to take beginners.These extracurriculars range from traditional school sports like soccer and football, to less common ones like rugby and skiing.Some of the sports teams you school offers may even be very unusual: my college had both a Quidditch team and an underwater hockey team. You don’t always have to join a team either. There are lots of extracurriculars that keep you active in others ways as well, such as hiking or rock climbing clubs.These extracurriculars are often offered at a variety of competitiveness and skill levels, so you can choose a team or club based how experienced you are and how much free time you have. How to Choose One of These Extracurriculars: If you participated in sports in high school, consider whether you’d like to continue playing them in college. You should alsolook through your school’s extracurricular list and see if there are any new sports you’d like to try. Next, decide how much time you are willing and able to devote to your extracurriculars; many school teams, even some club and intramural sports, require a significant time commitment.If you are unable to devote a lot of time to a sport, consider less competitive extracurriculars. Remember to payattention to sign-up deadlines and try out dates because these often occur early in the school year. Benefits of These Extracurriculars: They give you a way to stay active. Being active increases endorphins which make you happier, and being active also helps take your mind off school which can help keep you from feeling stressed and overwhelmed. Being part of a team is a great way to foster friendships. They offer a way for you to improve or acquire new athletic skills. Final Thoughts If you signed up for an extracurricular but no longer enjoy it and don’t feel like it’s helping you, don’t feel the need to stick with it. It will just make you unhappy and likely won’t do much for you career-wise or social-wise if you hate it. You don’t need to join extracurriculars in every one of these groups. Choose a few based on your interests and time, and see how well you are able to manage them. You can always join or drop extracurriculars. If a club or organization sounds interesting, but you’re not sure if you want to join it, just drop by a meeting. You’ll get a taste ofwhat it’s like, without needing to commit immediately. Try to join an extracurricular you wouldn’t normally participate in, even if you only attend one meeting. College is maybe the best time in your life to try new things, and you could end up with new skills, a new passion, and new friends! What's Next? Do you want to see more examples of extracurriculars activities? You're in luck because we have a complete list of extracurriculars, with hundreds of examples! For a complete overview of the college search process, read our comprehensive guide on how to choose a college. Worried about paying for college? Read our step-by-step guide to getting a student loan. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Why does Montaigne change so many definition of words Essay

Why does Montaigne change so many definition of words - Essay Example arbitrary, and people define concepts, according to their views of truth and reason, without considering the existence and validity of other truths and reasons. While people define â€Å"bodies† in the physical sense, they stress its sacredness, which is why they think that people who eat human flesh are â€Å"barbarians,† but Montaigne disagrees with the idealization of the human body, when it can serve many immoral purposes. He reminds his readers that â€Å"bodies† are not exactly detached from the act of being consumed or used in other corrupt ways. He provides examples of ancestors who ate the bodies of people who were â€Å"incapable of fighting† (114). This means that able bodies trump weaker ones, even if they both have bodies. People in power define â€Å"bodies† as they see fit, and the morality of doing so becomes blurred in different circumstances and cultures. â€Å"Barbarian† is another word with contested meanings. Montaigne defines â€Å"barbarous† as a concept coined by a society that looks down on a pure society, and if the latter are described as â€Å"wild,† they are wild because they are pure. He denigrates that people call something â€Å"barbarous,† simply because they are â€Å"contrary† to their â€Å"habits† (108). If these barbarians are considered â€Å"wild,† for him, they are wild in a good way. They are wild because â€Å"the true, the most useful, and natural virtues and properties are alive and vigorous† (Montaigne 109). Instead of seeing â€Å"wild† as the opposite of civilized, Montaigne argues that it is a civilization on its own that is not inferior to Western society. To be barbaric is related to â€Å"victory† and its many hued definitions. Montaigne describes â€Å"victory† as aligned to the simple desire of controlling people’s emotions. For the â€Å"barbarians,† â€Å"victory† happens when they have broken the spirit of their prisoners, until the latter beg for their lives (115). Montaigne differentiates this from the â€Å"victory† of

The Effect of low pH on Enzyme Activity Lab Report

The Effect of low pH on Enzyme Activity - Lab Report Example They are responsible for all the important reactions taking place in the body of animals and plants. They regulate the very complex systems. The kinetics of reaction is so much influenced by the pH of the system as pH can change the mode of binding for substrate to the enzyme. If the reaction is occurring through ionic mechanism, then pH is obviously a deciding factor for the rate of the reaction. (Park, 2000) Catalase is present in aerobic organism where an organism needs to breakdown molecules of oxygen environment. Catalase is also one of the enzymes that have maximum efficient, that is, it can break down million of molecules in seconds (McDowall, 2014). Hydrogen peroxide is so much oxidative that it can cause rusting. Catalyse is responsible for its breakdown. The reaction of catalase with hydrogen peroxide occurs as Hydrogen Peroxide+Catalase →Water and Oxygen (Matt,2012). Cut potatoes into small cubes. Blend the potatoes with one cup of water into mixer until a thick solution of potatoes is obtained. Filtered the solution to have homogenous liquid. For this purpose, 20 mL of it was filtered by using filter paper and funnel. Took round filter paper and made several holes in it with the use of sharp needle. In another 100 mL took 10 mL of hydrogen peroxide and diluted it with the help of 10 mL of water. Soaked the round filter paper with holes in filtered potato solution for 15 seconds. Placed the same filter paper in hydrogen peroxide and noted the time until the reaction completes. Repeat the experiment twice to get accuracy. A few drops of hydrochloric acid were mixed in the beaker that was containing 50% solution of hydrogen peroxide. Took another piece of porous filter paper and repeated the same procedure. Catalase is a basic catalyst. I was expecting the same results because a basic catalyst can work better in basic conditions as compared to the acidic conditions. The addition of acid lowers the pH of the

American Born Chinese Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

American Born Chinese - Essay Example They are intended to change the whole viewpoint that the readers have about that particular scenario. These writings are always radical in nature and tend to convince the reader to see things from the same viewpoint. One such text is American Born Chinese, a 2008 graphic novel by Gene Luen Yang and Lark Pien that contains a great deal of protest. It can be easily noticed in the plot development of the story, and this will be the basis of discussion in this paper. The story begins with the monkeys hanging on the trees; generally, one would say that this is the nature of monkeys. They are supposed to live on trees. However, according to Yang, there is one monkey, the king of monkeys that has ruled the other monkeys for many years. At this time, he has mastered the ways of the gods; these ways are the eight Kung-fu disciplines. As a result of his reaching, he yearns to leave the monkeys behind and join the ranks of the gods. This is the first act of protest that we encounter. One could comfortably say that it is part of monkeys’ nature to stay on trees and behave like any other animal (Yang 4). However, here we encounter a monkey that wants to protest against all that and elevate itself to another level. It wants to behave like a god. In addition to this, the monkey wants to protest against the true nature of the monkeys by passing a rule that all monkeys must wear shoes just like human beings. This is another protest because generally, monkeys and all other animals do not wear shoes. For the monkeys, this would even make their life harder since they cannot climb trees while wearing shoes. The monkey becomes arrogant to other gods when he starts to demand that he should be treated like an equal. The leader of the gods, Tze-Yo-Tzuh, tells him, ‘you are what I created you to be.’ Tze-Yo-Tzuh further tells him that he made him from the rock (Yang 7). The monkey challenges the gods’ king to prove this and tries to run away, but the king catc hes him. After learning that he cannot change who he is, he still refuses to repent, and the king of the gods buries him under a mountain rock till a time when he realizes and accepts who he is. Here, Yang tries to prove that when we try to be different persons from what we are we will only end up hurting ourselves. Another protest that we encounter in this comical novel arises from a character, Jin Wang. At this point, Yang introduces us to a boy born of immigrant parents in the United States. His life in the states is virtually peaceful; however, when his family moves from San Francisco to a white dominated suburban region, his life changes. He finds that he is the only Chinese in the whole school, and this fact makes him a subject to the prejudice (Yang 31). This is the point where he begins protesting against his culture. He constantly has to tell the other children in the school that he was born in America, and that his family does not eat dogs. Yang, at this point exhibits ano ther protest, which is against his culture. Jin Wang does not want to be associated with the Chinese way of life yet this is his culture (Yang 31). Jin Wang struggles to fit in his white peers’ way of life in every aspect. He even eats sandwiches (Yang 37), food that is not common for his culture. Jin struggles to be like the whites even when he is not in the school environment. This is evident in the conversation that he has with an old lady about being what he wants to be. The lady replies by telling him, ‘

Market Segmentation And Product Positioning Marketing Essay

Market Segmentation And Product Positioning Marketing Essay The student is required to prepare a 4-5 page research plan to support introducing the Product and Service for Your Marketing Plan to the U.S. market. In addition to stating your marketing objectives, the student is required to: 1. Identify the marketing segment for the product and explain why this segment was selected; 2. Discuss the target market and why these customers will be targeted; 3. Conduct a SWOT (strengths, weakness, opportunities and treats) analysis for the company; 4. Describe the market position for your product and service. Mobile News Games LLC (MNG) to develop mobile games related to current news events. The marketing plan, their market segments and strategies to get customers and they strive to create a solid revenue stream looks like. They just do not any mobile game developer. They make games news thread a unique focus for their customers to enjoy new mobile games store offering gives us an edge over competitors. This is not just traditional gamers, but full of need to read what people tend to use more mobile unique angle, they are happy to play the game is to expand their reach. They offer consulting services to companies that create mobile games for marketing purposes to those who are looking for similar games by creating their own games to finance development. These consulting advertising sponsorship relationships that they have come to companies in their brand, and other games offer more and more interested in embedding a custom that they can offer the game as some would have been established. 3 during the first year they have been a large part of their income is expected to hear. Market segmentation Games for mobile users and organizations who want to reach them: They segment on two areas. Both areas are savvy customers with computers and mobile phones and enjoy the creative experience. 1. Mobile Game Users There are two types of customers that determine the population of mobile gamers: adolescents (including adolescents) and young adults in this trade are for young people under age 18 and over, because they are considered young adults in the general population and the right. The main difference between the segments of the population gives money to the game store. Free mobile games: They offer morning version of the game for free trimmed so that users can play all the taste without any money .Some free versions are available, and some advertising in strategic locations in the game so that users do not bother or interfere with the ads are displayed. For example, beverage companies can pay for support and they can enter their name (trappable) clickable which looks as if it were part of their game. Paid mobile games: They paid mobile games contains a collection of more extensive features. Prices range between $ 1.99 and $ 4.99 in order to create very little resistance to price for customers. Games also paid through sponsored ad clicks (tappable) embedded within the game monetized. Games available via instant download their appropriate Platform mobile (eg, Appstore Apple iPhone) Target market segment strategy Their strategy is focused on developing a set of libraries containing features of the basic game that can be combined to create new games. After launching the first series of games, they are in regular contact with their customers via the Internet numerous ways, including social media and email marketing to stay. After creating this library and games, they will be able to market quickly turning to consulting services for organizations that want their ads to play as. Target Market: Mobile Game Users Mobile games when they have a connection to news and current events. They publish new games within two weeks of important news. For example, if a politician involved in a scandal that they leverage architectures of their game now and customize it with the names of those involved in the scandal and even make funny spoof of interactive events. If a celebrity makes a stupid comment, their library features in a game that pokes fun at their celebrity access. Find mobile phone market knows playing games that interact with them feel the power and enthusiasm, allowing them to life in some way, users of this section is also limited financial capacity. Often, teenagers of their own money to buy their game from his parents, who can be a gift or grant to pay or find a job. Very often, these customers talk about any game they enjoy, including strategies for playing and winning. They also have online forums and discussion groups to gather information and advice to help other businesses or to read them to find new challenges. In addition, they benefit from high score is available in a public environment for the players are mentioned. They intend to provide the general framework allowing the customer to upload their scores on their website for each game. Highest score will be displayed, giving players worldwide rights to brag. Therefore, the word of mouth potential for the game is explosive manner. Target Market: Organizations Who Want to Reach Youth and Young Adults Users of mobile games are composed of young people. Since the youth and young adult population is so big, it is also very lucrative. Countless products are targeting this population, manufacturers of soft drinks to clothing designers hair product companies there. This can also be employed, which can be for military service or other tasks will have been formed. Companies currently spend millions of dollars in the market to this group regularly for newer, more creative ways to reach this market, strengthen its brand and products for sale. Organizations that want to reach the men (and women, though less than their customer is not defined) between 13 and 25 Realize that this group has a lot of spending power. This age group is that saving money is not used so they typically spend a lot of what they earn. Senior vice president and marketing organization want to reach this market and need to do this catchy, creative ways. Much to fear from the older generation, teenagers and young adults are reading less and spending more time in front of the screen, whether television, computer or mobile phone with a variety of applications. Deputy CMO or need to reach their target market hangs out there. They usually have big budgets to spend on marketing and are afraid to try new things. SWOT Analysis Strengths: This the one of the most personal channel available for marketing the product Freedom of channel because there are 260million mobile user all over the country and 3.5 billion all over the world Now a day many retailer and marketers are realizing the needs of mobile presence. Weaknesses Most of user do not have an ideal mobile screen size ,key pad and slow network problems User are not aware of games on mobiles Opportunities: Gives legs to the other channels stores, online, television, radio, print and billboards Mobile is the future not now marketing database. Marketers should loyalty program with the supplements online and offline Benefit from marketing dollars from television, radio, print and more than measurable, Media ROI is driven, aka, the Internet and mobile phone set Threats: People may not use these games because they think that they are part of marketing strategies Privacy legislation, security, unsolicited messages, location-based ads, advertising and children to mislead users to enforce security Market position Market share is the portion or percentage of sales of a particular product or service in a given region that are controlled by a company. These kinds of games are quite new to enter in the market so they are not having any strong position in the market but with the passage of time it will gain a larger market share Recommendation: Company must realize its weakness and convert them into opportunities. Secondly they must not over coulter their games with ads and other things

Alan Bennetts A Cream Cracker Under the Settee Essay -- Play Criticis

Alan Bennett's A Cream Cracker Under the Settee How does Alan Bennett reveal Doris’ character, life and attitude in the dramatic monologue â€Å"a cream cracker under the settee†? Many of Bennett's characters are unfortunate and downtrodden, as in the Talking Heads series of monologues that was first performed at the Comedy Theatre in London in 1992, and then transferred to television. This was a sextet of poignantly comic pieces, each of which portrayed several stages in the character's decline from their initial state of denial or ignorance of their predicament, through their slow realization of the hopelessness of their situation, to a typically bleak Bennett conclusion. The dramatic monologue, â€Å"a cream cracker under the settee† is from that group of six. It is from the point of view of an elderly lady called Doris, who is insistent that the world of her time is much better then the present. She dwells on the past and tells of how things were back then, and how it has changed for the worst. She had fallen while cleaning a picture of her husband Wilfred and most of the monologue is from Doris sitting on the floor in her living room where she fell. Her attitude to the modern world is that it used to be better then it is now, this also shows why she is disapproving of her home help, Zulema, who had not cleaned the picture in the first place. Throughout the play Bennett reviles Doris’ character by showing her affection to the past, she talks to old photographs of her dead husband, Wilfred, and talks aloud to him. This indicates Doris’ apparent loneliness and how she feels â€Å"left behind† by the rest of her generation. When talking about the people she new in the past like Wilfred, she takes on there voice, this shows how she... ...e says it is and sends him away, â€Å"police man: are you alright? Doris: No. I’m all right.† This shows how Doris would rather die then loose her independence as she does not want anyone to think that she cannot take care of herself. This also shows how she has worked herself into a state of mind where she cannot allow herself to give in to the hardship of old age, and refuses to except anyone’s help, this could also be because she is embarrassed about the situation she has got herself into. At the end of the monologue the last stage directions are â€Å"light fades† this shows how they are suggesting that Doris’ life has come to an end and she has given up, you can also take this view from her last line, â€Å"never mind. It’s done with now, anyway.† This leads us to the conclusion that Doris has given up, and knows it is time for her life to end, and that it is â€Å"done with now†.

Never judge a person by external appearance Essay

I believe that judging about anyone by his external appearance, we perform a tremendous mistake. I have numerous examples in my life when I didn’t like the people at first site but eventually they have become my friends. The culture and subculture determine the appearance of their followers, but they don’t determine the entire consciences and qualities of the representatives. There are manifold types of clothes all over the world and if the woman wears in Arab headscarf it doesn’t mean that she is a terrorist. It’s most probably the part of her culture, but unfortunately we have in mind stereotypes from a TV. Even in one country numerous subcultures represents the different types of the appearances yet good and bad people are everywhere. As a matter of fact people have bad and good days and they look and behave accordingly to their moods. It’s quite common when a person, having temporary money problems, wears and looks not too exquisite and, even he’s a good specialist, it will be hard for him to find a job. Sometimes a person don’t have enough time to maintain the glamorous appearance, what obviously doesn’t signify that he is worse than another, spending his time in a beauty shop. Someone, who doesn’t have excellent exterior, could have other, more important qualities. Will you be friends with the beautiful but stupid and selfish man? Certainly will not. He could be a good musician, awesome orator and perfect sportsman, but you wouldn’t give him a chance to show all these talents if you paid attention only to the imperfect appearance. Also, we could have some bad remembrances relating with the certain appearance and sometimes it’s difficult to overcome them. I believe it’s not right to judge people by their exterior because you could miss the chance to meet with very interesting humans and make useful acquaintances.

Assessment Record Assignment 1 Essay

Assessment Record Assignment 1 Essay Assessment Record Assignment 1 Essay Assessment Record Programme BTEC Level 2 First Diploma in Travel and Tourism Learner Name Unit No & title Unit 3: The Development of Travel and Tourism in the UK Assessor Name Sue Griffiths Assignment number & title Assignment 1:Key Developments in the UK Travel and Tourism Sector to include Transportation and Legislation Target learning aims Learning Aim A: Explore the developments that have helped shape the UK Travel and Tourism sector Issue date Submission date Tutor Feedback date Resubmission authorisation (2 weeks after submission) First submission/ resubmission?* By Lead Internal Verifier Date Resubmission date** * All resubmissions must be authorised by the Lead Internal Verifier . Only one resubmission is possible per assignment ,providing: ââ€"  The learner has met initial deadlines set in the assignment, or has met an agreed deadline extension ââ€"  The tutor considers that the learner will be able to provide improved evidence without further guidance. ââ€"  Evidence submitted for assessment has been authenticated and accompanied by a signed and dated declaration of authenticity by the learner. ** Any resubmission evidence must be submitted within 10 working days of receipt of results of assessment. Declaration Assessor’s declaration I certify that the evidence submitted for this assignment, to the best of my knowledge, is the learners own. The learner has clearly referenced any sources used in the work. I understand that false declaration is a form of malpractice. Assessor’s Signature Date Learner’s

Release Governments Grip on essays

Release Government's Grip on essays Release Governments Grip on Education Will the debates over education reform ever end? Can any system of education ever be formed to satisfy the conflicting desires of the people? The education of Americas youth is an important subject to most voters. Education holds a few spots in every election and has always been a crucial part of every candidates platform. The people of America have many sides to each of the numerous issues that surround education. Some of these issues include the content of the curriculum, discipline policies, safety of the children, over-crowded classrooms, zoning regulations, quality of teachers, and the inclusion or exclusion of religious teachings. Parents are lost in the sea of different reform ideas to vote for when they fill out their ballots. Simply, parents want their children to receive a superb education. Searching for a school that can provide such an education can prove to be a difficult task. The largest supplier of education is the government. While almost half of America consider the public schools to be only fair or worse, the overwhelming majority of parents continue to send their children to publics schools (Metropolitan). Even if parents were to find a school that meets their approval, often zoning regulations deny children from another location to be enrolled. The alternatives to public schools are home schooling and private schools. Teaching their own children is beyond many parents capabilities. Having enough time and energy is an issue since most households have two working parents. Further, most parents would not feel adequate enough for the task and would rather professional educators teach their children. On the other hand, sending their children to private schools still proves to be too expensive. The market for private schooling meets the demand of the weal thy, who can afford the costs, and the religious parents, which make sac...

CORE BUSINESS TOPICS QUESTIONS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

CORE BUSINESS TOPICS QUESTIONS - Essay Example Although this is the case, the qualitative goals which are referring to the customer-perceived factors of quality on the basis of products or services, are considered as the most important. This is the goal to achieve customer satisfaction which can be related to the fact that quality of services and products can be translated to competitiveness of the company (Karlof, 1993, p.83). This means that targeting customer satisfaction is taking the strategic efficiency route as well as the competitive advantage to success instead of the operative efficiency (p.5-7). Examples of companies that operate on this philosophy are the up-market car brands such as Jaguar, Mercedes, BMW and Saab (Karlof, 1993, p.5-7). It is important in the changing modern economy though to have balance between customer satisfaction and cost efficiency to be able to survive. But if one factor should solely be chosen, quality of services offered and products manufactured should be the main priority. The knowledge of the difference between business research and reporting can be considered as a fundamental business concept needed in the establishment and operation of any type of business. Business research can be defined as the data gatherings techniques undertaken in relation to business. It also covers the analysis of the data gathered with the aims in lined with the improvement of the business in terms of profitability and customer satisfaction (Bryman and Bell, 2007). Business reporting on the other hand, deals with the presentation, delivery and dissemination of the gathered data and information regarding the operation and management of the business. In the development of new technology, new ways are being used in the said discipline such as computer-based business reporting (Beattie and Pratt, 2003, p.155). One example of the development in business reporting is the EBR or the Enhanced Business

Why do leaders lead in different ways Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Why do leaders lead in different ways - Essay Example This is what the leader does; instilling a sense of togetherness regardless of the dynamic. However, this is a daunting task for leaders who pick a wrong strategy or leadership style as they will struggle so much to lead them with the unsuitable styles. A question that may ring on one’s mind, therefore, is that why do leaders lead differently? What brings the diversity? Why do some leaders succeed while others do not? In this essay, an exploration of different leadership styles and ways in which they influence the followers will be discussed to help unfold the underlying factors behind leadership while at the same time answering these questions. Leadership is not merely being in charge or in a position of authority. Effective leadership requires special skills in dealing with a range of people and the styles one deploy in this regard will extensively affect the team that is being led. To lead is to be in a control tower from which regulation, coordination, management of the followers is derived. Leadership, therefore, is a state of being in control of and in a position to command actions of a particular team for a specific objective. Leaders are mandated to direct and be in the forefront of any action a group or the team plans to undertake (Nahavandi, 2006, p.58). Behavioural theorist put focus on the conducts and deeds of a leader. They countercheck the behaviour of the leader in leadership duties and see if their (leaders) actions are justified. Some leaders dictate, coerce, command and are rude to the followers yet they expect loyalty and collaboration. Robertson (2011) puts forth a conception that classifies leaders in different categories based on their leadership behaviours. These include: autocratic, democratic and laissez-faire styles of leadership. Autocratic leadership according to Robertson (2011, p.73) is a style in which the leader is the sole decision maker. Decisions in this style are

Leadership and Organisational Behaviour Case Study

Leadership and Organisational Behaviour - Case Study Example W.L. Gore & Associates is also known for its ability to develop innovative fabrics and polymer products which can be used for industrial, leisure, electronic and medical purposes (Gore, 2013). The case study will be analyzed on the basis of various theoretical frameworks regarding leadership and organizational behaviour and the researcher will use conjectural view in order to address pertaining issues in the case study. The researcher will mainly use four types of aspects such as leadership theories, team leadership, organizational behaviour and group dynamics in order to analyze the cases study. The researcher will take help of the theoretical argument of various research scholars in order to substantiate the proposed theoretical framework for the cases study and there will be separate literature review in the paper which will present theoretical arguments of various research scholars. In the next part of the paper, pertinent aspects of the case study will be analyzed in the light o f theoretical framework. In the last section, the researcher will recommend some suitable strategies which can help W.L. Gore & Associates to address any future problems in sustainable manner. Paradigms of the Case Study Careful analysis of the case study reveals the fact that the case of W.L. Gore & Associates is exceptional when it comes to comparing work culture in other organizations. The case study was written by considering leadership and organizational behaviour theories such as, 1- mutual trust development in a team, 2- leadership, 3- shared value within the team members, 4- managing a knowledge sharing and organic culture and 5- zest for constant innovation. Now, the question is whether the case study has been succeeded to address all the above mentioned theoretical aspects? Giving answer to the question is not a simple task and neither the researcher is in a position to judge the merit of the case study. However, the case study should be appreciated for its effort to unloc k the success mystery for W.L. Gore & Associates by integrating some of the prominent leadership and organizational behaviour theories. The researcher has found that above mentioned five aspects of the case study needs theoretical consideration in order to analyze the case study in terms of some well established leadership and organizational theories. Hence, the researcher has decided to conduct a literature review in order to explain pertinent aspects of the case study in the light of theoretical judgement of eminent research scholars. Literature Review It is evident from the case study that W.L. Gore & Associates has carefully replaced the concept of managing from external periphery with the concept of self managed individuals who can achieve leadership position by disposing skill and knowledge. Orsburn and Moran (2000) argued that self managed work groups are far more flexible in comparison to bureaucratic structure. Pearce and Manz (2005) pointed out that modern organizations ha ve trying to experiment with the organizational dynamics and organizational culture which can improve their productivity. Pearce and Manz (2005) defined self managed leaders are those who do not need external pressure to achieve the performance objective in workplace rather they

Basic Cash Management Process Essay Example for Free

Basic Cash Management Process Essay Every company can be viewed as a cash pool into which funds flow from various sources. Several techniques are used to speed the collection of such funds. Conversely, cash flows out of the pool for payables and other disbursement reasons. An important aspect of cash management is to control tightly both cash inflows and outflows. When cash inflows exceed cash outflows, surplus cash builds up. This surplus can be used to repay debts or for investment in marketable securities. Alternatively, when outgoing funds exceed the inflow, the firm must raise money by borrowing or by selling some marketable securities. THE CONCEPT OF FLOAT A cash managers job is to make payments to others as slowly as possible and to convert into cash – or clear – payments received from others as quickly as possible. The reason is float, the most important element of cash management. Float is the amount of uncollected funds moving through the financial transfer system. It shows up as the difference between the balance shown on a firms checking account and the balance on the banks books. For example, suppose a firm writes, on average, $100,000 of checks daily. If it takes four days for checks to clear and be deducted from the firms bank balance, the firms own books will show a cash balance that is $400,000 less than the banks records indicate. The firm has the use of these funds, called disbursement float, as long as this situation persists. On the other hand, the firm loses the use of check-clearing float – one component of collection float – on the checks that it has deposited in its account but that have not yet cleared. Suppose the firm deposits $90,000 in checks every day, and these checks clear in three days on average. The firms books then show cash balances that are $270,000 larger than the banks books indicate. Thus, the firms net float – the difference between its $400,000 disbursement float and its $270,000 check-clearing float – is $130,000. This means that the firms actual cash balance is $130,000 greater than its recorded cash balance. The firm can invest or otherwise spend these excess funds. The float on an individual item can be measured in dollar-days and is calculated as the amount of the check multiplied by the number of days of delay until that check clears: Alternatively, the average daily float can be calculated as the average daily receipts multiplied by the average delay in collecting each dollar.   The average delay in collecting a dollar equals the total dollar-days of float divided by the total amount received during the period or Average Delay The existence of float lies at the core of every system designed to accelerate, decelerate, or control corporate funds. By reducing collection float, the corporate treasurer can accelerate cash flow and enhance the return on current assets. Similarly, corporate cash flow may be improved by increasing disbursement float. The value of decreasing collection float or increasing disbursement float is tied to the opportunity cost of funds. It can be measured as   Value of Float = Dollar Amount of Float times Time times Interest Rate For example, suppose a firm can reduce the collection time on $5 million of receivables by three days. Assuming that it will invest this money at an annual interest rate of 10 percent, it will earn interest at a rate of .10/365 per day on the $5 million. Therefore, the value of a three-day reduction in collection float is $5,000,000 times 3 times 0.10/365 = $4,109.59 If collections ordinarily average $5 million daily and the company managed to reduce the float permanently by three days, it would then be able to free up $15 million in working capital. At 10 percent interest, this reduction in float is worth $1.5 million ($5,000,000 times 3 times .10) annually. Using a 10 percent discount rate, the present value of this permanent reduction in float is $15 million ($1,500,000/.10). Reworking this example with a different interest rate, say 6 percent, reveals that if the company can permanently free up $15 million in working capital, its shareholders will be $15 million richer ($900.000/.6), regardless of the interest rate. In other words, the value created by a permanent reduction in float is independent of the interest rate. Collection Float Collection float is the time that receivables spend in the process of being collected. It consists of the following four elements: 1.Invoicing float is the interval from the time a company creates an invoice and mails it to the customer until the customer places the payment in the mail. During this phase of the collection cycle, the cash manager has no control over the funds. 2.Mail float, the next phase in the cycle, is the time taken by the U.S. Postal Service to deliver the customers check. 3.Having received payment, the company experiences processing float, the flow of the check through the companys accounting system on its way to be deposited. 4.Finally, there is check-clearing float. This is the time it takes to clear each check deposited. Invoicing float may be reduced only by changing the payment terms. The other three types of float are controllable. A.2 discusses the various means to accelerate the collection of funds. Exhibit A.1 illustrates the various types of collection float.

Low Birthweight Piglets Essay -- Food, Pork Industry

Introduction Low birth weight piglets have high mortality and poor growth postnatally. The pork industry has strategies to increase the piglets’ birth weight. Maternal growth hormone treatment with developmental timing and dose difference increased fetal growth in pigs [1-4]. As GH cannot cross the placenta [5], the increase in fetal growth must due to changes in maternal metabolism and/or placental development and function. Placental weight was increased with maternal GH treatment [4]. However, none of the above studies has demonstrated the effect of maternal GH treatment on placental structural development and function in pigs; therefore, this is the gap that will be addressed in this study. Birth Weight Determinants of fetal growth and birth weight in pigs Birth weight is influenced by several factors during pregnancy, such as parity, maternal nutrition, uterine capacity and litter size. Pigs have two parity groups, sows and gilts. Sows are pigs which have given birth at least 3 times before, and gilts, are pigs that had never been pregnant. The low birth weight of the progeny from gilts might be due to first pregnancy. As gilts are growing when they pregnant, so mother and fetus were competing for limited nitrogenous substrates to meet their needs, and leads to low birth weight in fetus *gatford 2009 & Schoknecht 1993. Piglets from dam which has restriction in food intake or specific nutrients during gestation have reduced in birth weight. The progeny of gilts fed with protein-deficient diet (0.5% protein) in early (d 1 to d44) or late (d 82 to term) during gestation have lower birth weight compared to the control (with 13% protein in diet); whereas protein deficient diet throughout pregnancy caused the progeny weigh... ...reased maternal lean meat percentage *rehfeldt 2001. The backfat depth of pGH treated dams in *gatford 2010 was lower than the controls at farrowing and weaning *. This suggested that GH treatment can stimulate lean growth and inhibiting adipose tissue growth in pigs. The gestation length of sows, but not gilts was being shortened by long term GH treatment. Maternal GH treatment would also affect the concentration of maternal circulating metabolites and hormones. There was an increased in amino acids nitrogen and decreased in free fatty acids in maternal circulation by a 2 or 4 mg GH dose treatments from d 25 to d 51(gatford, 2000). Maternal plasma urea concentration was decreased by 28% by GH treatment with a dose ~15ug/kg from days 25 to 50 *gatford 2009. There was a similar finding in another study with maternal GH treatment in underfed gilts *gatford 2000.

JC Penney Company, Inc. :: Marketing Research

JC Penney Company, Inc. J. C. Penney Company, Inc. Is one of America’s largest department store, drugstore, catalog and e-commerce retailers. Providing merchandise and services through department stores, catalogs, and the Internet. Their targeted customers are â€Å"Modern Spenders† and â€Å"Starting Outs†, who shop for apparel, accessories, and home furnishings through the centers where JCPenney is located and through the convenience of catalog and the Internet. Starting Outs  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚    ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Less than 35 years of age  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚    ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Singles, young families  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  0-1 children  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Shopping patterns & relationships emerging  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  No strong retail loyalties  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  28% of U.S. households.  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Currently 16% of sales  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Potentially 30% of sales  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Modern Spenders  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  35-54 years of age  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Dual-earner households  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  0-2 children (often includes teenagers)  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Consumption oriented  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  No strong retail loyalties & relationships  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Retail loyalties more likely  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Established shopping patterns  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Time-starved  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  27% of U.S. households  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Currently 43% of sales  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Potentially 50% of sales Distribution *Catalogs J.C. Penney is the nation’s largest catalog merchant, with the most modern facilities and the largest privately owned telemarketing network in America. Serving this $4 billion catalog business are nearly 2,000 catalog departments in JCPenney department stores, Eckerd drugstores, freestanding sales centers and independent catalog merchants. *Internet J.C. Penney is in only its second year of Internet sales, and its going strong and growing. Sales jumped from $15 million to $102 million since the beginning of jcpenney.com. *Department Stores JCPenney has more retail space in major regional shopping centers than any other department store retailer in America, with about 1,140 department stores located in all 50 states. JCPenney’s drugstore ECKERD has over 2,600 stores in operation in 23 states. PROMOTIONAL OFFERS  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Direct mail. An invitation to shop mailed to selected catalog customers. These promotions may be associated with a holiday or other special savings event, including many of our storewide events  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Sunday Supplement. JCPenney color inserts that are delivered with your Sunday or late-week newspaper.  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Newspaper Ads. Promotional offers are often supplemented by ads in your local newspaper.  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Catalog Inserts. Many of our Sale and JCPenney â€Å"Signature Series† catalogs contain special offers for limited-time savings that are bound into mailed copies.  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  E-mail Promotions.

Integration and Disintegration: Indians in South Africa Essay

The story of Indians in South Africa is both a story of integration and disintegration into the national space. The processes and patterns of integration and disintegration of Indian community as a minority ethnicity is closely linked to the larger reality of South African freedom struggle and the subsequent efforts of building the new nation of South Africa as a post-apartheid democracy. On the other hand, it is important to remember that the very existence of Indians in South Africa itself is a result of the colonisation of South Africa. It is through the protracted decolonization process of South Africa, the Indian community too got assimilated into the national space. Struggles against both racism and colonisation have played an important role bringing the Indians and the black natives together in their fight against the white colonial masters. The purpose of the essay is to provide an overview of the experiences of Indians in South Africa and their participation in the nation building with special reference to the post-1994 period of democratic development. The Indian Community and the ‘New’ South Africa It is the British colonial rule in nineteenth and early twentieth century that catalysed the Indian immigration to South Africa. Therefore, the Indian community in South Africa includes people from countries such as Pakistan and Bangladesh as well since they were part of India until Indian independence. There are other cleavages in the Indian community in South Africa as they are divided in the lines of religion, caste and language. Obviously, the idea of an Indian community in South Africa is essentially problematic due to the extreme heterogeneity within the Indian diasporas. However, it is still possible to identify Indian South Africans as a racially distinct group. Ironically, even there is no consensus in the very way for the Indians in South Africa to be addressed. According to Singh, â€Å"people of Indian origin varyingly refer to themselves in one of three classificatory ways: ‘South Africans’, ‘Indian South Africans’ or ‘South African Indians† (2008, p. ). It is just a reflection of the openness of identity against the idea of identity as a closed concept. The Indians in South Africa are originated from the diverse regions of colonial India, including today’s Pakistan and Bangladesh. Hindi, Tamil, Gujarati, Telugu and Urdu are the major languages spoken by the Indians in South Africa. They also follow different religions such as Christianity, Hinduism and Islam besides their particular individualist beliefs. Within South Africa, Indians have the highest concentration in Durban. In the beginning, it is the â€Å"the development of the sugar industry in Natal necessitated the immigration of indentured labourers to South Africa in the 1860s† (Jithoo, 1991, p. 344). If they were mainly from South India, then came the ‘free’ Indians from Gujarat after 1874, who were largely into business and commerce. Hofmeyr has pointed out that even a single religious group like the â€Å"South African Hindu community is concentrated in four linguistic groups, these being the Gujarat, Hindi, Tamil, and Telugu. As in India, each has its favoured system of religious ritual, belief, and literature† (1982, p. 139). The processes of modernization has changed the nature of the identity formation of these groups; although, it has not altered the internal diversity of Indian community in South Africa. And, as a minority within the new nation of South Africa, processes of globalisation and trans-nationalisation too have started marking their influence on the (re)definition of the identities of South African Indians. It is important to note that identity building among any community, especially among the Indians in South Africa is an ongoing process shaped by multiple factors and largely amenable to (shifts in) historical processes. Identity is revealed at first through self classification and self reference. Importantly, classificatory references are â€Å"politically loaded, for historical reasons, in that they demonstrate the individuals’ affinity or lack of it either to India or to South Africa. When a person makes reference to being ‘South African’, ‘Indian South African’ or ‘South African Indian’, they are usually making a statement about how they wish to be seen in the context of their personal beliefs and identity formation† (Singh, 2008, p. 5-6). As a subject race, in the apartheid times, the South African Indians defined themselves against the master race of whites and placed themselves adjacent to the social position(ing) of blacks and other natives. However, at present, South African Indians are seeing themselves distinct from the blacks and complains that the state which is dominated by the blacks discriminating them for not being black enough. However, it is not fair to undermine the complexities involved in â€Å"the dynamics of the cultural politics that is inherent within the heterogeneous population of Indian origin† (Singh, 2008, p. ). The fluidity of the identity of the Indians in South Africa resist any idea of total classifications and binaries as â€Å"such categorizations are broad based and tend to ignore the dynamics of regional, religious and linguistically based politics that are intrinsic to the politics of belonging among Indians overseas† (Singh, 2008, p. 6). The crucial point is that India ns in their huge diversity are (being) differently integrated into the South African democratic space of post-apartheid era. For instance, it has been argued that â€Å"the ‘high caste’ Gujarati speaking Muslim household of passenger origin, differs from the ‘low caste’ Tamil speaking Hindu household of indentured origin† ( Jithoo, 1991, p. 347). The very invention of racial categories in the South Africa was induced by the early decades of twentieth century by the British rule. To perpetrate the colonial rule, in this period, â€Å"formal distinctions were introduced among Whites, Bantus (Africans), Indians/ Asians, and Colored† (Mabokela, 2001, p. 205). From this point, the practice of racial segregation acquired a new momentum as it was put into legislation by the National party’s implementation of apartheid system. Extreme forms of racial segregation were integrated into the education policy and education system. it has been argued that â€Å"the Bantu Education Act of 1953 created a hypersegregated education system, mandating a different system of education for each racial group in the nation. In accordance with apartheid ideology and policies, White students received the best academic training, followed by that for Indians, Coloreds, and last, Africans. Although Africans have comprised the majority, about three-fourths, of the South African population, they historically have received the smallest share of educational resources compared to Whites, who comprise 15% of the total population; Coloreds, who make up less than a tenth (7%); and Indians, who comprise about 3%† (Mabokela, 2001, p. 206). Until the independence in 1994 and the subsequent election of African National Congress, the black majority had very limited access to education in comparison to all other social groups in South Africa. Importantly, Indians got access to compulsory education in the 1980s itself. It has been noted by many theorists that the ethnic roots of Indian South Africans are often revoked and mobilised by the competitive democratic environment of post 1994 period. At present Indian ethnic minorities have a tendency to juxtapose themselves with Whites for a number of reason such as â€Å"affirmative action in employment and the rapid escalation of violent crime are widely seen in racialized terms- especially in the sense that Africans are viewed as the culprits and Indians and Whites as the victims† (Singh, 2008, p. ). It means that the Indian perception of being part of the majority of blacks gives way to the new perception of being part of white minority. This is the disintegration of Indian community from the Black majority and re-integration to the white minority national space. Moreover, Jithoo (1991) has argued that the Indian community in South Africa has undergone tremendous inte rnal changes related to joint family structures and the caste institution which in turn is reflected in their relations to the external world. The infamous Group Areas Act (1950) was central to defining the Indian family structures as it involved many restrictions such as compulsory segregation on them. Although a minority, the Indian community cannot be termed as less privileged, especially in comparison to the black majority in the sphere of education. It is true that Indian community were as oppressed and exploited by the white apartheid regime but the point is that they enjoyed a relatively better position than the black majority. Lindsay has noted that, even after the end of apartheid, â€Å"the presence of â€Å"Blacks† (African, Indians/Asians, and colored groups) and women of all races and ethnicities in South African universities as students, faculty, and professionals is still limited in various disciplines, faculties and administrative areas† (1997, p. 522). Although classified into a single group for the purpose of affirmative action policies, it is a matter of fact that Indians are far advantaged in terms of education in South Africa than Blacks and Coloured people. It can be well argued that â€Å"education was the institutional mechanism set in motion, maintained and secured by the apartheid government to control the black majority economically, politically, and socially† (Lindsay, 1997, p. 522). If the secondary school enrolment of black Africans 1 in 5 in the period of 1969 to 1989, it was 1 in 2. 6 for the Indians in the same period. At the sphere of education, it indicates that the position of the Indians were as twice as better of the Blacks Africans until 1994 free election. The present non- juxtaposing of Indian community with the black Africans and the tensions arise from it are thus deeply rooted in the historical reality of segregated nation building of South Africa. It is one of the peculiarity of the South African reality that still a number of groups or members of particular group do not identify themselves simply as South Africans. Apparently, a recent survey shows that â€Å"although South Africans are increasingly identifying as ‘South Africans’, 36% still identify as ‘African’, black, white, coloured, Indian, Zulu, Xhosa, English or whatever† (de Jongh, 2006, p. 5). It means that the South African national identity is still relatively weak with relations to strong racial and ethnic identities. On the other hand, it does not mean there is a necessary tension between such a racial or communitarian indemnification and modern national identification. It could be especially the case of Indian ethnic minorities than other racial groups as the Afrobarometer 2000 survey shows that â€Å"only Indians listed racial identities more frequently than nonracial ones (61% naming a racial identity). The other three groups predominantly gave nonracial responses (Africans identified racially 30% of the time; whites, 12%; and coloureds, 45%)† (Ferree, 2006, p. 807). It also point fingers to the (possible) disintegration of Indian community from the New South Africa. Also, Indian community has most profound distrust of the economic polices of the black Africans led government as they perceive them as favouring the blacks vis-a-vis the Indians. Obviously, the foundations of legitimacy of the state with relations to the Indian community have been weakened in an unprecedented manner. It is also important to note that Indians largely perceive the African National Congress as an African party. It has affected the political legitimisation process of the new South Africa as well. Conclusion The very idea of South African Indians itself is problematic as the Indian community in is heterogeneous in multiple ways. Even as an ethnic minority, they are internally diverse with reference to religion, region, language and self reference. Importantly the groups within the Indian community in South Africa are not similarly integrated into the South African national space. The integration of diverse groups within the Indian community is different in both quantity and quality. The fluidity of the identities of South African Indians is well expressed in the fact that they tend to revive and reconstitute their identities and belongings with relations to the prevailing social, political, and economic conditions. The changing social, political, cultural and economic conditions in South Africa have led the Indian community to identify themselves with the whites as a fellow minority community. This disintegration from the black majority cannot be perceived as disintegration from the South African national space.

La licencia de manejar para indocumentados en Illinois

La licencia de manejar para indocumentados en Illinois    Illinois es uno de los estados que permiten a los  los indocumentados  sacar la licencia de manejar. Estos son los requisitos y los pasos que debes seguir.   Esta licencia de manejar recibe el nombre de Licencia Temporal para Visitantes y se le conoce como TVDL, sus siglas en inglà ©s. Paso 1:  Reunir la documentacià ³n necesaria Se necesita probar: Nombre y fecha de nacimientoVeracidad de tu firmaDomicilio actualResidencia en el estado de Illinois por al menos doce mesesCambio de nombre, si lo hubo, como por ejemplo en casos de matrimonio Nombre y fecha de nacimiento Es obligatorio tener UNO de los siguientes documentos: Pasaporte del paà ­s de uno que no puede estar expiradoTarjeta consular de Brasil, Colombia, Ecuador, Guatemala o Mà ©xico. Si eres de otro paà ­s y tu consulado tambià ©n emite una tarjeta consular, verificar con la Policà ­a del Estado de Illinois si la acepta como prueba de identidad. Firma UNO de los siguientes documentos sirve para probar la veracidad de tu firma: Certificado de chà ³fer cooperativo (Cooperative Driver Certificate)Contrato de hipotecaContrato de prà ©stamo a plazosI.D. emitido por el gobierno federal de los Estados Unidos o por un estado o una entidad local oficial.Licencia de manejar de otro estado que no està © expiradaOrden de una corte en la que conste tu firmaPasaporte de tu paà ­s sin expirarTarjeta consularTarjeta de crà ©dito tipo Amex, Visa o Master CardTarjeta electoral mexicana Domicilio actual Debes probar que has vivido en tu vivienda actual por al menos 90 dà ­as (tres meses) con anterioridad al dà ­a en que haces la aplicacià ³n para la cita para la licencia de manejar. Por ejemplo, si te has mudado a tu domicilio actual el 24 de septiembre de este aà ±o, debes esperar hasta el 23 de diciembre para poder aplicar.   Es obligatorio que tengas DOS  de los siguientes documentos en el que de algà ºn modo conste tu direccià ³n actual: Calificaciones escolares o de la universidad (report card)Carta que te ha enviado una universidad o collegeCarta que te ha enviado una institucià ³n oficial del gobierno federal, estatal, del condado o localContrato de alquiler (rentar) de la vivienda (lease)Contrato de hipoteca o de compra de la viviendaDeclaracià ³n sobre pensiones o jubilacionesExtracto bancario (bank statement)Facturas mà ©dicas o declaracià ³n de beneficios sanitarios.  Factura del servicio de agua, basura, gas, electricidad, telà ©fono o cable (utility bills)Factura de haber pagado la cuota de la universidad o collegePà ³liza de seguro como propietario de la vivienda o como inquilino de la misma (tenant)Recibo de exencià ³n tributaria sobre la vivienda principal (homestead exemption receipt)Reporte sobre tu historial de crà ©dito emitido por Equifax, Experia o TransunionTarjeta consularTarjeta del servicio selectivoTranscripciones escolares, que tienen que estar certificadas Si ahora no tienes dos de esos documentos, examina cules puedes conseguir y solicà ­talos. Recuerda que hasta que transcurran 90 dà ­as desde la fecha que va a figurar en los mismos no puedes utilizarlos para probar que efectivamente vives en la vivienda que dices que es  tu domicilio actual. Probar residencia en el estado de Illinois Tienes que demostrar que has vivido en Illinois por al menos doce meses (un aà ±o) antes de aplicar para la licencia. Para ello tienes que tener UNO de los siguientes documentos: Calificaciones escolares o transcripciones, en este caso certificadasCorreo oficialEscritura de compra de la vivienda, alquiler o hipotecaFacturas mà ©dicas o de declaracià ³n de beneficiosFacturas de pago de cuotas universitariasPensià ³n o jubilacià ³nPà ³liza de seguro como inquilino de una vivienda o como propietarioRecibo de exencià ³n tributaria para vivienda (homestead exemption receipt)Utility bill de la electricidad, basura, gas, telà ©fono, cable, etc.    Si llevas ms de un aà ±o viviendo en la misma casa, la misma factura de la luz, por ejemplo, sirve para probar residencia en el estado por ms de 365 dà ­as y tambià ©n residencia actual. Para asegurarte lleva contigo a la cita una factura antigua y otra reciente. Cambio de nombre Si por cualquier razà ³n como por ejemplo, por matrimonio, el nombre actual y el que figura en tu pasaporte o en tu tarjeta consular no coinciden debers probar el cambio de nombre o apellido mediante UNO de los siguientes documentos: una orden judicialcertificado de matrimonio Segundo paso: concertar una cita Una vez que te has asegurado que tienes todos los documentos y que cumples los plazos (particularmente el de haber vivido en Illinois por los à ºltimos doce meses), entonces debes hacer dos trmites: En la actualidad en todas las oficinas excepto Chicago North y Chicago West se puede ir sin concertar una cita previa. Sin embargo para Chicago North y Chicago West sà ­ es necesario y se hace: Marcando al telà ©fono gratuito 855-236-1155 o por internet. Sà ³lo se puede hacer para uno de las  oficinas del Departamento de Vehà ­culos de Motor especialmente designadas para manejar las peticiones de licencias TVDL.Rellenar la  planilla de verificacià ³n de residencia. Se trata de hacer constar el historial de dà ³nde has vivido en los à ºltimos doce meses. (Cuando se renueve la licencia, dentro de tres aà ±os, ya no ser necesario hacerlo, ya que sà ³lo es un requisito para cuando se solicita por primera vez). Tener en cuenta que en la actualidad no puede acudir a las oficinas para este trmite ni en los dà ­as sbado ni en los dà ­as domingo. Tercer  paso: preparar la cita Antes de acudir a la oficina debes asegurarte: de que tu vista est bien o que tienes los lentes correctosde que te has estudiado para el examen teà ³rico de la licencia de manejar. En la pgina oficial del Departamento de Vehà ­culos a motor puedes descargar gratis el libro para estudiarlo.de que si no sabes conducir, has tomado las clases suficientes para poder pasar el examen prctico. Los menores de 20 aà ±os necesariamente tienen que haber ido a una  autoescuela. Cuatro paso: en la oficina del Departamento de Vehà ­culos de Motor Esto es lo que va a pasar: Un empleado examinar que llevas toda la documentacià ³n necesaria. Si es asà ­, te dar un nà ºmero y esperars por tu turnoCuando te llamen un empleado examinar de nuevo los documentos e introducir los datos en la computadoraFirmars la aplicacià ³n y, junto con los documentos presentados, ser todo escaneadoPagars $30 por la tramitacià ³n de la licencia de manejar y $5 si deseas que tambià ©n sea vlida para manejar motosSe te tomar una foto y firmars en un aparato para que quede constancia digital de tu firmaTe harn un examen de visià ³nTomars el examen escrito. Puede ser en inglà ©s, espaà ±ol o incluso en otros idiomasTomars el examen prctico de manejar en carreteraSi has aprobado se te dar un recibo que sirve como constancia de haber hecho todo el proceso pero que no sirve para manejar.   Como puedes imaginar, todo eso va a llevar su tiempo, por lo que es mejor que ese dà ­a no tengas prisa. Quinto paso: la licencia Empleados del estado verificarn que toda la informacià ³n y documentacià ³n que les has dado es la correcta. Sà ³lo en ese caso se proceder a imprimir tu licencia de manejar que te llegar por correo en el plazo de entre quince y veinte dà ­as laborales. Si la licencia no es aprobada recibirs una carta explicando el motivo, quà © debes hacer, si es que puedes hacer algo y un nà ºmero de telà ©fono para solicitar ms informacià ³n. Con la licencia en mano tienes que saber que: Es un permiso para manejar que es de carcter temporal, igual al que el estado emite desde el aà ±o 2005 a los inmigrantes o visitantes legales que no tienen un nà ºmero de seguro  social. Por ejemplo, familiares de titulares de ciertas visas de trabajo temporal. La TVDL sà ³lo es vlida si tienes tambià ©n un seguro de auto. Es un requisito indispensable. Estas licencias son de un color distinto a las que se emiten, por ejemplo, para ciudadanos americanos o residentes permanentes legales. Sern vlidas por un periodo de tres aà ±os. 90 dà ­as antes de su fecha de expiracià ³n debers renovarla.   La TVDL  no est diseà ±ada para ser utilizada como identificacià ³n. Por lo tanto no se podr utilizar para abrir una cuenta de banco o para volar, ya que no se admitir en el aeropuerto como un I.D. Tampoco se podrn usar para comprar un arma ni, por supuesto, para votar. Incluso antes de manejar en otro estado habr que verificar si es posible, ya que depender del lugar. A tener en cuenta Si tienes una licencia de manejar que conseguiste con un Nà ºmero del Seguro Social falso el procedimiento a seguir es llamar a la oficina del fraude al 217-782-7604. Se har una investigacià ³n y no podrs manejar por doce meses. Despuà ©s de esa suspensià ³n podrs aplicar por una licencia temporal para indocumentados. En un principio, las autoridades del Departamento de Vehà ­culos a Motor no comparten la informacià ³n con ninguna otra agencia del gobierno, y en eso se incluye inmigracià ³n. Pero si reciben una peticià ³n legà ­tima para que compartan informacià ³n, la darn. Si tienes una licencia internacional de manejar, ten cuidado porque puede que sea un fraude y no sirva para manejar. Si se tiene una licencia del paà ­s de uno, à ©sta sà ³lo se puede utilizar legalmente por 90 dà ­as a contar desde el dà ­a que se comenzà ³ a residir en Illinois. Finalmente, en el primer aà ±o en el que se autorizà ³ a los indocumentados en Illinois sacar la licencia de manejar, se aprobaron aproximadamente unas 85 mil. Sin embargo, se hicieron 190 mil solicitudes. Esto quiere decir que hubo muchos casos en los que no se aprobaron.   Para evitar estos problemas asegurarse de que realmente se cumplen los requisitos. Si no, ser negada. Derechos de los trabajadores indocumentados Las leyes del salario mà ­nimo tambià ©n aplica a los indocumentados. Entà ©rate de cul es el pago por hora en tu estado, cules son las excepciones y quà © se puede hacer si no te pagan lo que te corresponde de acuerdo a la ley. Finalmente, es muy conveniente informarse sobre aspectos que afectan muy directamente a la comunidad de migrantes indocumentados, como por ejemplo, las posibilidades reales de regularizacià ³n de la situacià ³n y otros temas que afectan a los inmigrantes sin papeles como las nuevas prioridades de deportacià ³n por orden ejecutiva de Trump. Este es un artà ­culo informativo. No es asesorà ­a legal.